Today:
1. 1521: Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan reached the Philippines, becoming the first European to arrive in the archipelago.
2. 1802: The United States Military Academy at West Point was established by an act of Congress.
3. 1926: Physicist Robert H. Goddard launched the first liquid-fueled rocket in Auburn, Massachusetts, marking a significant milestone in the development of modern rocketry.
4. 1968: The My Lai Massacre occurred during the Vietnam War, where American troops killed between 347 and 504 unarmed Vietnamese civilians, including women, children, and elderly people.
5. 1968: General Motors produced its 100 millionth automobile, a blue Chevrolet Impala.
6. 1978: Italian politician Aldo Moro was kidnapped by the Red Brigades, a left-wing terrorist organization, in Rome. He was later murdered after weeks of captivity.
7. 1988: Iran and Iraq agreed to a ceasefire, ending the Iran-Iraq War, which had lasted for nearly eight years and resulted in hundreds of thousands of casualties.
8. 2003: Rachel Corrie, an American peace activist, was killed by an Israeli military bulldozer while attempting to prevent the demolition of Palestinian homes in the Gaza Strip.
9. 2014: Crimea voted in a controversial referendum to secede from Ukraine and join the Russian Federation, following the annexation of Crimea by Russia.
10. 2019: Cyclone Idai made landfall in Mozambique, causing widespread destruction and resulting in over 1,000 deaths across Mozambique, Zimbabwe, and Malawi.