Today:
1775 – The Second Continental Congress established the American Navy, appointing Esek Hopkins as its first commander in chief.
1781 – The crew of the British slave ship Zong massacred more than 130 African slaves by throwing them overboard to collect insurance money, sparking one of the most infamous events in abolitionist history.
1847 – Missionary Marcus Whitman, his wife Narcissa, and 11 others were killed by members of the Cayuse tribe in what became known as the Whitman Massacre in Washington Territory.
1877 – Thomas Edison demonstrated his phonograph for the first time, introducing the world to recorded sound.
1929 – American explorer Richard Byrd made the first flight over the South Pole, marking a significant achievement in polar exploration.
1947 – The United Nations General Assembly voted to adopt a plan for the partition of Palestine, leading to the establishment of the State of Israel.
1961 – NASA launched Mercury-Atlas 5, sending the chimpanzee Enos into orbit. Enos successfully orbited Earth twice before returning safely.
1963 – U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson established the Warren Commission to investigate the assassination of John F. Kennedy.
1975 – Bill Gates used the term “Microsoft” for the first time in a letter to Paul Allen, marking the foundation of the now-famous company.
1990 – The United Nations Security Council passed Resolution 678, authorizing the use of force against Iraq if it did not withdraw from Kuwait by January 15, 1991.
13 Attacks Thwarted
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