Today:
1535 – The city of Lima, Peru, was founded by Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizarro as Ciudad de los Reyes (City of Kings).
1720 – Sweden and Prussia signed the Treaty of Stockholm, ending hostilities between the two nations in the Great Northern War.
1793 – King Louis XVI of France was executed by guillotine during the French Revolution.
1861 – Jefferson Davis resigned from the United States Senate after Mississippi seceded from the Union.
1911 – The first Monte Carlo Rally, a car rally event, was held.
1919 – The Dáil Éireann (Irish Parliament) held its first meeting in Dublin, and declared Ireland independent of Britain.
1924 – Vladimir Lenin, the leader of the Russian Revolution, died, leading to a power struggle within the Soviet Union.
1954 – The first nuclear-powered submarine, USS Nautilus, was launched in Groton, Connecticut.
1976 – The first commercial Concorde flights began with routes from London to Bahrain and Paris to Rio de Janeiro.
1997 – Newt Gingrich became the first Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives to be disciplined for ethical misconduct.
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