Today:
1356: The English, under the command of Edward, the Black Prince, defeat the French at the Battle of Poitiers and capture the French king, John II.
1778: The Continental Congress of the United States passes the first federal budget.
1796: George Washington’s Farewell Address is published for the first time in the American Daily Advertiser.
1881: The 20th U.S. President, James A. Garfield, dies from complications of an assassination attempt that occurred on July 2 of the same year.
1893: New Zealand becomes the first country to grant all women the right to vote as the Electoral Act of 1893 is signed into law by Governor Lord Glasgow.
1957: The United States conducts its first underground nuclear test, known as Rainier, at the Nevada Test Site.
1970: The first Glastonbury Festival, then known as the Pilton Pop, Folk & Blues Festival, is held at Worthy Farm in Somerset, England.
1982: Scott Fahlman, a computer scientist at Carnegie Mellon University, proposes the use of 🙂 and 🙁 as emoticons in a message on an online bulletin board, the first recorded use of these symbols.
1985: A powerful earthquake with a magnitude of 8.0 strikes Mexico City, causing the deaths of at least 5,000 people and widespread destruction.
2022: The state funeral for Queen Elizabeth II is held at Westminster Abbey in London.