Today:
37: The Roman Senate annuls the will of the late Emperor Tiberius and proclaims Caligula as the new emperor.
1229: Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, declares himself the King of Jerusalem during the Sixth Crusade.
1314: Jacques de Molay, the last Grand Master of the Knights Templar, is burned at the stake in Paris.
1766: The British Parliament repeals the Stamp Act after intense protest from the American colonies.
1850: American Express is founded by Henry Wells and William Fargo in Buffalo, New York.
1913: King George I of Greece is assassinated by an anarchist while walking in the city of Thessaloniki.
1922: Mahatma Gandhi is sentenced to six years in prison for civil disobedience following the Chauri Chaura incident.
1940: Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini meet at the Brenner Pass to discuss their alliance against France and Great Britain.
1965: Soviet cosmonaut Alexei Leonov becomes the first human to perform a spacewalk, exiting the Voskhod 2 capsule for 12 minutes.
2003: United States President George W. Bush issues an ultimatum to Saddam Hussein, marking the final lead-up to the start of the Iraq War.