Today:
622 – The Hijra, the migration of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina, is traditionally dated to this day and marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar.
1439 – Treaty of Florence was proclaimed, attempting to reunite the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches.
1661 – The first banknotes in Europe were issued by Stockholms Banco in Sweden.
1790 – The Residence Act was signed into law, authorizing the creation of a permanent U.S. capital along the Potomac River, which became Washington, D.C..
1945 – The Trinity nuclear test, the world’s first successful detonation of a nuclear weapon, was conducted near Alamogordo, New Mexico, as part of the Manhattan Project.
1951 – The Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger was published in the United States.
1969 – Apollo 11 launched from Kennedy Space Center, carrying Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin, and Michael Collins on the first crewed mission to land on the Moon.
1979 – Saddam Hussein became President of Iraq after the resignation of Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr.
1999 – John F. Kennedy Jr., his wife Carolyn Bessette Kennedy, and her sister Lauren Bessette were killed when Kennedy’s plane crashed into the Atlantic Ocean near Martha’s Vineyard.
2019 – Puerto Rico Governor Protests of 2019 drew hundreds of thousands of demonstrators to the streets of San Juan, intensifying calls for Governor Ricardo Rosselló to resign.