Today:
1132 – Ramiro II of Aragon married Agnes of Aquitaine, helping secure the succession of the Kingdom of Aragon.
1567 – Mary, Queen of Scots was forced to abdicate the Scottish throne in favor of her one-year-old son, the future James VI and I.
1847 – Brigham Young and the first group of Mormon pioneers arrived in the Salt Lake Valley, laying the foundation for Salt Lake City.
1911 – Hiram Bingham III brought international attention to the Incan citadel of Machu Picchu after being guided to the site by local residents.
1923 – The Treaty of Lausanne was signed, establishing the boundaries of the modern Republic of Turkey and replacing the Treaty of Sèvres.
1969 – Apollo 11 safely splashed down in the Pacific Ocean, completing the first crewed mission to land on the Moon.
1974 – The Watergate Scandal reached a turning point when the Supreme Court of the United States unanimously ruled that Richard Nixon had to release the White House tape recordings.
1983 – Black July anti-Tamil riots erupted in Sri Lanka, marking the beginning of one of the deadliest periods of ethnic violence in the country’s history.
2005 – Lance Armstrong won his seventh consecutive Tour de France title (the victories were later stripped because of doping violations).
2013 – The Savar Building Collapse Protests intensified in Bangladesh as criminal proceedings and labor reforms followed the devastating Rana Plaza factory disaster earlier that year