Today:
1492 – Reconquista ends as Muhammad XII, the last Moorish ruler of Granada, surrenders to Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain.
1757 – British forces, led by Robert Clive, capture the Indian city of Calcutta from Nawab Siraj-ud-Daulah.
1788 – Georgia ratifies the United States Constitution, becoming the fourth U.S. state.
1839 – The first known photograph of the Moon is taken by French photographer Louis Daguerre.
1870 – Construction of the Brooklyn Bridge begins in New York City.
1905 – The Russo-Japanese War concludes with Russian forces surrendering Port Arthur to Japan.
1920 – The second Palmer Raid occurs in the United States, with thousands of suspected radicals arrested.
1942 – The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) convicts 33 members of the Duquesne Spy Ring, the largest espionage case in U.S. history.
1959 – The Soviet Union launches Luna 1, the first spacecraft to reach the vicinity of the Moon.
1974 – President Richard Nixon signs a national speed limit of 55 mph into law to conserve fuel during the energy crisis.
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